How does MTCD gather information for conflict detection?

The process of gathering information for conflict detection in Multi-Track Conflict Detection (MTCD) systems relies on a combination of various data inputs that are crucial for accurately analyzing aircraft positions and trajectories. The approach of using aircraft speed, level (altitude), heading or route, and air traffic control (ATCO) instructions ensures that the MTCD system can create a comprehensive picture of the airspace.

By considering aircraft speed, the system understands how quickly each aircraft is moving, which is essential for predicting future positions. The altitude level provides critical vertical separation information, while the heading or route indicates the direction in which an aircraft is traveling. Lastly, ATCO instructions are vital as they can directly influence an aircraft's flight path, contributing to the system’s ability to foresee and mitigate potential conflicts.

This integrated methodology allows MTCD to effectively identify situations where two or more aircraft might come too close to each other, prompting necessary intervention to maintain safe separation. In contrast, the other methods mentioned in the options would either lack the necessary data integration or wouldn't provide sufficient information for reliable conflict detection. Thus, option B accurately reflects the comprehensive approach needed for effective conflict management in air traffic control.